Despite occasional challenges (Osborne 2004), this is how its motivation is generally interpreted by scholars today. It mainly developed in the field of philosophy and science of the Middle Ages and Modern Times.Īncient sources describe atomism as one of several attempts by early Greek natural philosophers to respond to the challenge offered by Parmenides. It has its origin in ancient Greek philosophy. What is the atomist doctrine?Ītomism is a natural physical and philosophical theory according to which sensually perceived (material) things consist of chemically indivisible particles - atoms. Rutherford's atomic model states that electrons rotate in circular orbits around the atomic nucleus.įinally, Bohr's atomic model introduced the concept of quantum mechanics to the structure of the atom. Īnd other negatively charged particles ( electrons).Later, Thomson's atomic model discovered that an atom had other subatomic particles:Ī central nucleus ( atomic nucleus) with positive charges, Dalton's atomic model also defined the atom as an indivisible particle in any chemical reaction. In the 12th century, he became famous again in Western Europe thanks to references to him in the recently discovered writings of Aristotle.Īt the beginning of the 19th century, in 1808, John Dalton developed an atomic model but this time with scientific bases. How did the Democritus model evolve?ĭuring the High Middle Ages in Western Europe, atomism was almost forgotten. The most significant point of Democritus' atom model is the concept of the atom as the smallest portion into which a chemical element could be divided. Some were the Greek philosopher Epicurus (341-270 BC) and the Roman Epicurean poet Lucretius (99-55 BC). The Democritus atomic theory was improved and developed by other eminent philosophers. His theory laid the foundation for modern atomic theory. They are not created and are eternal, and the qualities of an object depend on the types of atoms that compose it. However, his ideas about atoms were not based on experiments or observation but rather on reasoning about the nature of matter.ĭemocritus affirmed that the number of atoms is infinite. He proposed the existence of indivisible particles that he called atoms. Democritus was an ancient Greek philosopher often credited as the father of modern atomic theory.
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